| 陈志达,林斌,黄国锋,等.兔脊髓爆震伤后早期大体病理学及神经细胞的形态学变化.骨科,2026,17(2): 105-111. |
| 兔脊髓爆震伤后早期大体病理学及神经细胞的形态学变化 |
| Early gross pathological and morphological changes of nerve cells after rabbit spinal cord blast-induced injury |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-03 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8573.2026.02.002 |
| CN KeyWords: 脊髓 爆震伤 病理学 形态学 凋亡 运动诱发电位 Tarlov's评分 |
| EN KeyWords: Spinal cord Blast-induced injury Pathology Morphology Apoptosis Motor evoked potentials Tarlov's scores |
| Fund Project:福建省自然科学基金项目（2024J011574）；漳州市双创之星项目（漳财行指〔2019〕17号） |
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| CN Abstract: |
| 目的 探讨兔脊髓爆震伤（spinal cord blast-induced injury，SCBII）后早期大体病理学及神经细胞的形态学变化。方法 将36只家兔按照随机数字法分成爆炸距离1 cm、2 cm、3 cm、4 cm、5 cm五组及假手术对照组，每组6只，电控引爆，构建制作SCBII模型，观察动物全身及脊髓损伤情况，分析死亡原因，并观察动物大体的病理、生理及神经细胞的形态学改变。结果 起爆距离1 cm、2 cm、3 cm内，实验家兔均出现即刻死亡，其中心脏及肺脏爆震伤是引起死亡的主要原因。在起爆距离4 cm成功建立SCBII模型，5 cm起爆距离可见局部脊髓无水肿，双下肢运动诱发电位无明显改变。苏木精-伊红染色及透射电镜观察到随着爆炸距离的延长，神经细胞坏死明显减轻。4 cm起爆距离造模成功，损伤后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h双下肢肌力改良的Tarlov's评分分别为0、（0.81±0.45）分，（1.47±0.58）分和（2.77±0.67）分，随着时间推移有一定程度的肌力恢复，差异具有统计学意义（F=4.335，P=0.017）。损伤后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的TUNEL阳性细胞分别为（27.80±2.45）个、（68.61±7.83）个、（142.78±9.44）个和（234.53±8.92）个，损伤后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h的TUNEL阳性细胞数量比较，差异具有统计学意义（F=105.852，P＜0.001）。结论 兔SCBII与起爆距离呈负相关，需密切关注心肺等空腔脏器的严重损伤，SCBII损伤早期即出现神经细胞的凋亡，并随着时间推移增多。 |
| EN Abstract: |
| Objective To explore the early gross pathological and morphological changes of nerve cells after spinal cord blast-induced injury (SCBII) in rabbits. Methods A total of 36 rabbits were divided into six groups according to the random number method, with six rabbits in each group. A sham surgery control group was set up in the experiment and the SCBII model was constructed via electric control detonation at the distances of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm from the explosion. The whole and spinal cord injuries of the animals were observed, the causes of death were analyzed, and the gross pathological, physiological, and morphological changes of nerve cells were observed. Results All the experimental rabbits died immediately at a distance of 1 cm, 2 cm, and 3 cm from the blast, with the main cause of death being blast injuries to the heart and lungs. The SCBII model was successfully established at a distance of 4 cm from the blast. At a distance of 5 cm, there was no edema in the local spinal cord, and there was no significant change in motor evoked potential in both lower limbs. HE staining and transmission electron microscopy observations showed that with the increase of the blast distance, the necrosis of nerve cells was significantly reduced. After, the modified Tarlov's scores were 0, 0.81±0.45, 1.47±0.58, and 2.77±0.67 at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after successful modeling, with a certain degree of muscle strength recovery over time. And the differences were statistically significant (F=4.335, P=0.017). The number of TUNEL-positive cells at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after injury was 27.80±2.45, 68.61±7.83, 142.78±9.44, and 234.53±8.92, respectively, which showed statistically significant differences (F=105.852,P＜0.001). Conclusion The severity of rabbit SCBII is negatively correlated with the distance from the blast, and severe damage to hollow organs such as the heart and lungs need to be closely monitored. Apoptosis of nerve cells occurs in the early stage of SCBII and increases with time. |
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