| 张艺伟,杜贵鹃,张乐乐,等.电子健康素养与社会支持对腰椎间盘突出症病人就医延迟的影响研究.骨科,2025,16(2): 157-162. |
| 电子健康素养与社会支持对腰椎间盘突出症病人就医延迟的影响研究 |
| Electronic health literacy and social support in the research of patients with delayed medical treatment in the lumbar disc herniation |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-06 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8573.2025.02.009 |
| 中文关键词: 腰椎间盘突出症 就医延迟 电子健康素养 社会支持 |
| 英文关键词: Lumber disc herination Delayed medical treatment Electronic health literacy Social support |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析腰椎间盘突出症（LDH）病人就医延迟行为的影响因素，探讨电子健康素养和社会支持对就医延迟行为的影响。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2024年7月至2024年10月在河南省洛阳正骨医院（河南省骨科医院）颈肩腰腿痛诊疗中心接受治疗的LDH病人作为研究对象。将出现LDH症状至首次就医的时间超过2周的病人纳入延迟就医组，未超过2周的病人纳入及时就医组。通过一般资料问卷、电子健康素养量表（eHEALS）、社会支持量表（SSRS）等工具，对病人进行调查，以分析影响其延迟就医的相关因素。结果 共发放问卷218份，有效问卷206份，问卷有效回收率为94.50%。其中就医延迟138例（66.99%），及时就医68例（33.01%）。Logistic回归分析显示：电子健康素养（应用能力）（OR=0.280，P＜0.001）、社会支持（客观支持）（OR=0.338，P＜0.001）、久坐/久站（OR=21.186，P=0.003）、每年体检1次（OR=0.076，P=0.038）、长期居住在乡镇及县城（OR=0.019，P=0.018）和地级城市及以上（OR=0.009，P=0.001）是LDH病人就医延迟的独立影响因素。决策树模型共3层，12个节点，共筛选出是否长期久坐/久站、社会支持（客观支持）、电子健康素养（应用能力）3个影响因素。结论 LDH病人就医延迟发生率较高，社会支持不足和电子健康素养较低的病人更易出现就医延迟。建议医护人员提供更多的实际帮助，增强病人获取、理解和评估电子健康信息的能力，以便他们能够作出明智的就医决策，降低就医延迟行为，促进病人及时就医。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective Understand the influencing factors of patients with delayed medical treatment with lumbar disc herniation, and explore the impact of electronic health literacy and social support on the delayed behavior of medical treatment. Methods This study adopted a convenient sampling method. From July 2024 to October 2024, 218 patients with lumbar disc herniation were selected at the neck shoulder, back, waist and leg pain diagnosis and treatment center at Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province as the research object. Participants are divided into delayed medical groups and timely medical groups according to the effectiveness of medical treatment. Through tools such as general data questionnaires, electronic health literacy tables, and social support tables, patients are investigated to analyze related factors that affect their delayed medical treatment. Results In this study, a total of 218 questionnaires were distributed, with 206 valid questionnaires, and the effective recovery rate of questionnaires was 94.50%. Of the 206 patients, 138 of them (66.99%) were delayed, and 68 cases (33.01%) were treated in a timely manner. The Logistic regression results showed that electronic health literacy (application ability: OR=0.280, P＜0.001), social support (objective support: OR=0.338, P＜0.001), sedentary/standing behavior (OR=21.186, P=0.003), frequency of physical examinations (once a year: OR=0.076, P=0.038), long-term residence (townships and county-level cities: OR=0.019, P=0.018; prefecture-level cities and above: OR=0.009, P=0.001) were independent influencing factors for delayed medical treatment in LDH patients. The decision tree model has 3 levels and 12 nodes, and a total of 3 influencing factors were screened, including sedentary/standing behavior, social support (objective support), and electronic health literacy (application ability). Conclusion Patients with lumbar disc herniation have a high incidence of delayed medical treatment. Patients with insufficient social support and lower electronic health literacy are more likely to experience delayed medical consultation. It is recommended that medical staff provide more practical assistance, enhance patients' ability to access, understand, and evaluate electronic health information, so that they can make informed medical decisions, reduce the behavior of delayed medical consultation, and promote timely medical treatment for patients. |
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