| 陈佳丽,宁宁,吕娟,等.骨科创伤患者伤口感染的危险因素分析.骨科,2015,6(1): 49-52. |
| 骨科创伤患者伤口感染的危险因素分析 |
| Risk factors of wound infections after trauma in orthopedics |
| 投稿时间：2014-07-14 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8573.2015.01.014 |
| 中文关键词: 骨科 创伤 伤口感染 危险因素 |
| 英文关键词: Orthopedics Trauma Wound infection Risk factors |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查分析骨科创伤患者伤口感染的发生率及危险因素。方法 通过横断面调查研究采用便利抽样的方法选取2012年7月～10月入住我院骨科的348例骨科创伤患者，观察患者的伤口感染情况，分析创伤类型、首次处理时间等因素对伤口感染率的影响。结果 开放性创伤192例，其中创面感染57例，创面感染率达29.7%；闭合性创伤156例，经过手术治疗形成手术切口后发生感染8例，伤口感染率为5.1%。开放性创伤患者伤口的平均首次处理时间是在受伤后（4.3±2.4） h。开放性创伤患者的伤口感染率高于闭合性创伤患者，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=34.177，P=0.000）；多发伤患者的伤口感染率高于非多发伤者，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=7.693，P=0.006）；休克患者的伤口感染率高于非休克者，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=16.020，P=0.000）；开放性创伤患者中，比较感染组与非感染组的平均创面首次处理时间，差异具有统计学意义（F=12.84，P=0.000）。2012年11月至2014年11月围绕筛选得出的危险因素进行验证，进一步证实该危险因素与伤口感染的相关性。结论 开放性创伤、多发伤、休克、创面首次处理时间均为骨科创伤患者伤口感染的危险因素。因此针对具备上述特点的患者应该给予高度的关注，同时缩短创面首次处理时间以提高伤口治疗的质量，降低患者伤口感染率，促进伤口愈合，提供患者的生活质量和满意度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of wound infections after orthopedic trauma. Methods 348 patients with orthopedic trauma during Jul. 2012 to Oct. 2012 were selected by convenience sampling method, and the risk factors associated with the wound infections were analyzed. Results There were 192 open wounds, and the wound infection rate was 29.7%. There were 156 cases of blunt trauma, and the wound infection rate was 5.1% after surgery. The average time of first disposing the open wounds was (4.3±2.4) h. The infection rate of open wounds was statistically significantly higher than in blunt wounds (χ2=34.177, P=0.000). The infection rate of multiple trauma wounds was statistically significantly higher than non-multiple wounds (χ2=7.693, P=0.006). The infection rate of shock patients was statistically significantly higher than non-shock patients (χ2=16.020, P=0.000). The first disposing time of infection patients was significantly different from the non-infection patients (F=12.84, P=0.000). The results were confirmed during Nov. 2012 to Nov. 2014. Conclusion According to the analysis results and the follow-up facts, we can see that the open wounds, multiple injury, shock and the first disposing time may be the risk factors of wound infections after orthopedics trauma. Shortening the first disposing time can improve the quality of wound care, reduce the infection rate of wound, promote the wound healing and increase the quality of life and satisfaction of patients. |
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